Extraction of chromite ore with sulfuric acid in the presence of some chromate gives solutions of chromium(III) sulfate contaminated with other metal ions. The hydrated salts of chromium sulfate can also be produced, albeit impure, by extraction of various other chromium compounds, but these routes are not economically viable. Evaporation of these acidic solutions affords the hydrate salt described above. A chromium(III) oxide coproduct is generated which is readily extracted into sulfuric acid. Anthroquinone and quinone are produced on large scale by treatment of anthracene and phenol with chromic acid. The most useful source of chromium(III) sulfate are the Cr(III) wastes from the chromate oxidation of various organic compounds. Structure of Cr(SO 4)(H 2O)(OH), showing the CrO 6 coordination sphere typical of many chromium(III) compounds. Other chromium(III) hydroxides have been reported. It results from the partial neutralization of the hexahydrates. Most important commercially is basic chromium sulfate, which is thought to be SO 4 (CAS#3). Further heating yields the anhydrous sulfate.Ī variety of other chromium(III) sulfates are known, but also contain hydroxide or oxide ligands.
It is obtained by heating the 18-hydrate material above 70 ☌. Hydrated chromium(III) sulfate, Cr 2(SO 4) 3♱5(H 2O), (CAS #1) is a green solid that also readily dissolves in water.Six of the eighteen water molecules in this formula unit are water of crystallization. The formula of this compound can be written more descriptively as 2(SO 4) 3♶H 2O. Hydrated chromium(III) sulfate, Cr 2(SO 4) 3♱8H 2O, (CAS #1) is a violet solid that readily dissolves in water to give the metal aquo complex, 3+.Anhydrous chromium(III) sulfate, Cr 2(SO 4) 3, (CAS #1) is a violet solid that dissolves in water upon addition of a reducing agent, which generates chromium(II) sulfates.Three chromium(III) sulfates are well characterized:
These salts are usually either violet or green solids that are soluble in water. Additionally, ill-defined but commercially important "basic chromium sulfates" are known. The symbol K originates from the Latin word kalium.Chromium(III) sulfate usually refers to the inorganic compounds with the formula Cr 2(SO 4) 3. The origin of the element's name comes from the English word 'potash,' meaning pot ashes, and the Arabic word qali, which means alkali. In its elemental form, potassium has a silvery gray metallic appearance, but its compounds (such as potassium hydroxide) are more frequently used in industrial and chemical applications. As with other alkali metals, potassium decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen because of its reacts violently with water, it only occurs in nature in ionic salts. It is one of the most reactive and electropositive of all metals and rapidly oxidizes. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element on earth. Potassium was discovered and first isolated by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The potassium atom has a radius of 227.2 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 275 pm.
The number of electrons in each of Potassium's shells is and its electron configuration is 4s 1. Potassium (atomic symbol: K, atomic number: 19) is a Block S, Group 1, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 39.0983. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement. Typical and custom packaging is available. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade) ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar cells and fuel cells. Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions.
Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered. Thin Film Deposition & Evaporation MaterialsĬhromium Potassium Sulfate is generally immediately available in most volumes.Additive Manufacturing & 3D Printing Materials.
0 kommentar(er)
